{"id":3113,"date":"2026-05-28T16:22:48","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T14:22:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/"},"modified":"2026-05-28T17:12:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T15:12:45","slug":"shadow-ai-utilisation-informelle-actif-collectif","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/fr\/shadow-ai-utilisation-informelle-actif-collectif\/","title":{"rendered":"Shadow AI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dans de nombreuses organisations publiques belges, l'IA est d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9sente. Pas l'IA qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9e et d\u00e9ploy\u00e9e officiellement. L'IA que les \u00e9quipes utilisent de leur propre chef, sans cadre, sans approbation, sans partage. C'est ce que nous appelons l'IA Shadow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le r\u00e9sultat est pr\u00e9visible. Des exp\u00e9riences isol\u00e9es qui ne m\u00e8nent nulle part. Des frustrations qui s'accumulent et un sentiment collectif que \u201c\u00e7a ne marche pas\u201d. Dans ce cas, le probl\u00e8me n'est pas l'outil, c'est l'absence de structure autour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Deux obstacles reviennent constamment. Premi\u00e8rement, un manque de clart\u00e9 sur ce qui est autoris\u00e9 : quels outils, quels types de donn\u00e9es, quelles limites. Deuxi\u00e8mement, une incertitude quant au soutien organisationnel : les licences sont-elles couvertes ? Y a-t-il une allowance pour prendre du temps pour l'exp\u00e9rimentation ? Sans r\u00e9ponses claires \u00e0 ces questions, le partage de commentaires devient presque impossible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et derri\u00e8re ces obstacles r\u00e9side un risque concret que de nombreuses organisations sous-estiment. Sans gouvernance, sans information, sans formation, les employ\u00e9s utilisent ce qu'ils trouvent. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 2025 par KPMG en collaboration avec l&#x27;universit\u00e9 de Melbourne et cit\u00e9e par Trends-Tendances (14 mai 2026) :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>73% des employ\u00e9s qui utilisent l'IA au travail s'appuient sur des outils grand public tels que ChatGPT ou Gemini <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>70% y acc\u00e8dent via des versions gratuites d\u00e9pourvues de dispositif de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de niveau entreprise. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Seuls 2 employ\u00e9s sur 5 d\u00e9clarent que leur organisation dispose d'une politique formelle r\u00e9gissant l'utilisation de l'IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative. Les donn\u00e9es personnelles, les informations commerciales et parfois des donn\u00e9es citoyens confidentielles transitent par des outils qui stockent des donn\u00e9es sur des serveurs situ\u00e9s en dehors de la juridiction europ\u00e9enne et hors de toute forme de contr\u00f4le organisationnel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L'AI Act ne fait qu'accro\u00eetre l'urgence : l'absence de cadre n'est plus un simple risque organisationnel. C'est une v\u00e9ritable exposition juridique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ce que \u00e7a demande vraiment<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#x27;introduction de l&#x27;IA dans une organisation n&#x27;est pas un simple projet informatique. Il s&#x27;agit d&#x27;une transition et, comme toute transition, elle doit \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 trois niveaux : la vision, le cadre et la gouvernance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La vision vient en premier. Elle doit \u00eatre valid\u00e9e collectivement, non impos\u00e9e d'en haut. Ensuite, un cadre juridique \u00e9volutif qui laisse place \u00e0 l'exp\u00e9rimentation volontaire et organise la circulation des apprentissages. Enfin, une gouvernance l\u00e9g\u00e8re mais r\u00e9guli\u00e8re : pas de comit\u00e9s lourds, mais des points de contr\u00f4le structur\u00e9s pour s'appuyer sur ce qui fonctionne et maintenir l'\u00e9quilibre entre s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et apprentissage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette transition se d\u00e9roule sur trois niveaux compl\u00e9mentaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-icon-list uagb-block-a9e58ca2\"><div class=\"uagb-icon-list__wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child uagb-block-4e35dbf9\"><span class=\"uagb-icon-list__source-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M256 0C114.6 0 0 114.6 0 256c0 141.4 114.6 256 256 256s256-114.6 256-256C512 114.6 397.4 0 256 0zM406.6 278.6l-103.1 103.1c-12.5 12.5-32.75 12.5-45.25 0s-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L306.8 288H128C110.3 288 96 273.7 96 256s14.31-32 32-32h178.8l-49.38-49.38c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l103.1 103.1C414.6 241.3 416 251.1 416 256C416 260.9 414.6 270.7 406.6 278.6z\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"uagb-icon-list__label\">Au niveau de l'\u00e9quipe, l'accent est mis sur le soutien \u00e0 la collaboration, \u00e0 l'am\u00e9lioration continue et au leadership.<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child uagb-block-cf870f27\"><span class=\"uagb-icon-list__source-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M256 0C114.6 0 0 114.6 0 256c0 141.4 114.6 256 256 256s256-114.6 256-256C512 114.6 397.4 0 256 0zM406.6 278.6l-103.1 103.1c-12.5 12.5-32.75 12.5-45.25 0s-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L306.8 288H128C110.3 288 96 273.7 96 256s14.31-32 32-32h178.8l-49.38-49.38c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l103.1 103.1C414.6 241.3 416 251.1 416 256C416 260.9 414.6 270.7 406.6 278.6z\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"uagb-icon-list__label\">Entre \u00e9quipes, sur la r\u00e9duction des frictions par la co-construction d'accords partag\u00e9s<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-icon-list-child uagb-block-cacf9c91\"><span class=\"uagb-icon-list__source-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M256 0C114.6 0 0 114.6 0 256c0 141.4 114.6 256 256 256s256-114.6 256-256C512 114.6 397.4 0 256 0zM406.6 278.6l-103.1 103.1c-12.5 12.5-32.75 12.5-45.25 0s-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L306.8 288H128C110.3 288 96 273.7 96 256s14.31-32 32-32h178.8l-49.38-49.38c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l103.1 103.1C414.6 241.3 416 251.1 416 256C416 260.9 414.6 270.7 406.6 278.6z\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"uagb-icon-list__label\">Au-del\u00e0 du service informatique, il s&#x27;agit de mettre en place des structures de gouvernance efficaces qui tiennent compte des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s institutionnelles<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Des cadres tels que Sociocracy 3.0 et Team Topologies servent de support, et non de m\u00e9thodologies \u00e0 d\u00e9ployer en bloc, mais d'outils \u00e0 adapter \u00e0 chaque contexte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En pratique, le cadre exp\u00e9rimental repose sur plusieurs piliers : des licences d'outils accessibles \u00e0 ceux qui souhaitent exp\u00e9rimenter, des espaces d'exploration spontan\u00e9e, des hackathons et des meetups r\u00e9guliers sur l'IA pour assurer une r\u00e9elle circulation des apprentissages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:15% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"434\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg\" alt=\"Artisanat de papier artistique d&#039;un point d&#039;interrogation sur fond neutre. Id\u00e9al pour les th\u00e8mes conceptuels.\" class=\"wp-image-3119 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg 434w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"434\" height=\"650\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20434%20650%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Artisanat de papier artistique d&#039;un point d&#039;interrogation sur fond neutre. Id\u00e9al pour les th\u00e8mes conceptuels.\" class=\"wp-image-3119 size-full lazyload\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20434%20650%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 434w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg 434w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-8x12.jpg 8w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong><a href=\"\/fr\/contact\/\">Vous souhaitez \u00e9laborer cette vision en collaboration avec vos \u00e9quipes ? <\/a><\/strong><br><br><strong><a href=\"\/fr\/contact\/\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/fr\/contact\/\" type=\"page\" id=\"56\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nous facilitons des ateliers strat\u00e9giques pour vous aider \u00e0 la d\u00e9finir et \u00e0 en devenir le moteur<\/a><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Les chiffres qui changent la donne<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s avoir mis en \u0153uvre cette approche au sein d&#x27;une organisation, une enqu\u00eate interne a pos\u00e9 trois questions simples : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>82% des employ\u00e9s ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu'ils partageraient ce qu'ils avaient vu avec leur \u00e9quipe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>95% a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que ces \u00e9changes lui avaient donn\u00e9 envie de rester au sein de l&#x27;organisation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>70% s&#x27;est senti motiv\u00e9 \u00e0 essayer de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces r\u00e9sultats ne proviennent pas d'un programme de transformation majeur dot\u00e9 d'un budget cons\u00e9quent. Ils \u00e9manent d'un cadre simple et vivant, la preuve par la pratique et la diffusion entre pairs plut\u00f4t que par la hi\u00e9rarchie. La r\u00e9sistance se transforme en curiosit\u00e9, et la curiosit\u00e9, avec le bon cadre, se mue en comp\u00e9tence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S'assurer que \u00e7a tient dans la dur\u00e9e<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#x27;adoption de l&#x27;IA au sein d&#x27;un organisme public implique \u00e9galement de g\u00e9rer des aspects qui ne sont pas visibles d&#x27;embl\u00e9e : la gestion des acc\u00e8s et des cl\u00e9s API, le suivi des co\u00fbts d&#x27;utilisation, ainsi que la coordination avec le service juridique et le d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 \u00e0 la protection des donn\u00e9es. Ces aspects op\u00e9rationnels sont souvent sous-estim\u00e9s et ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait \u00e9chouer plus d&#x27;un projet pourtant bien intentionn\u00e9. 5th floor peut mettre \u00e0 votre disposition une \u00e9quipe d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 la plateforme qui prendra en charge ces questions, permettant ainsi \u00e0 vos \u00e9quipes de se concentrer sur l&#x27;essentiel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:15% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"434\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg\" alt=\"Artisanat de papier artistique d&#039;un point d&#039;interrogation sur fond neutre. Id\u00e9al pour les th\u00e8mes conceptuels.\" class=\"wp-image-3119 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg 434w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"434\" height=\"650\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20434%20650%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Artisanat de papier artistique d&#039;un point d&#039;interrogation sur fond neutre. Id\u00e9al pour les th\u00e8mes conceptuels.\" class=\"wp-image-3119 size-full lazyload\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20434%20650%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 434w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg 434w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831-8x12.jpg 8w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-5428831-5428831.jpg\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong><a href=\"\/fr\/contact\/\">Avez-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 des \u00e9quipes informatiques qui portent ces questions ? <br>Nous pouvons vous soulager de ce fardeau.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour les organisations int\u00e9grant l'IA directement dans leurs applications m\u00e9tier, des questions suppl\u00e9mentaires se posent : tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9, testabilit\u00e9, conformit\u00e9 \u00e0 l'AI Act. Ce sont des \u00e9tapes que nous avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 franchies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L'IA reste une composante, pas une solution autonome<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce qui ressort de ces exp\u00e9riences, c&#x27;est la conviction que le principe 5th floor s&#x27;applique \u00e9galement \u00e0 ses propres activit\u00e9s : l&#x27;IA ne remplace pas l&#x27;expertise. Elle la renforce. Elle ne prend jamais de d\u00e9cisions \u00e0 la place des \u00e9quipes. Elle ne remplace ni le dialogue, ni la r\u00e9flexion strat\u00e9gique, ni le jugement humain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"365\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1.jpg\" alt=\"Des chaussures en cuir \u00e0 la mode se tiennent sur un sol brillant fl\u00e9ch\u00e9, faisant une d\u00e9claration de style.\" class=\"wp-image-3117 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1.jpg 365w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1-168x300.jpg 168w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1-7x12.jpg 7w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"365\" height=\"650\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20650%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Des chaussures en cuir \u00e0 la mode se tiennent sur un sol brillant fl\u00e9ch\u00e9, faisant une d\u00e9claration de style.\" class=\"wp-image-3117 size-full lazyload\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20650%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 365w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1.jpg 365w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1-168x300.jpg 168w, https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1-7x12.jpg 7w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/pexels-photo-6859540-6859540-1.jpg\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Un exemple concret : sur un portail public permettant aux utilisateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9charger des images, les contr\u00f4les de conformit\u00e9 \u00e9taient manuels, lents et donnaient lieu \u00e0 des allers-retours incessants. 5th floor a mis en place un contr\u00f4le automatis\u00e9 d\u00e8s le moment du t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement. L&#x27;IA analyse l&#x27;image et propose une d\u00e9cision accompagn\u00e9e d&#x27;une explication claire. Bien entendu, le responsable du dossier conserve le contr\u00f4le sur la d\u00e9cision finale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le r\u00e9sultat ? Des d\u00e9lais d'ex\u00e9cution r\u00e9duits, une charge de travail manuelle all\u00e9g\u00e9e, des r\u00e8gles mieux comprises et un processus plus transparent pour tous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>C'est \u00e0 cela que ressemble une IA utile. <\/strong><br><strong>Pas de l'IA pour de l'IA.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In many Belgian public organisations, AI is already present. Not the AI that was officially decided upon and deployed. The AI that teams use on their own, without a framework, without approval, without sharing. This is what we call shadow AI. The outcome is predictable. Isolated experiments that lead nowhere. Frustrations that pile up and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3115,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_post_is_featured":"","_post_subtitle":"Turning informal use into a collective asset","_post_team_members":[],"_post_wp_authors":[],"_post_external_authors":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Shadow AI: Turning Informal Use into a collective asset<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Shadow AI is already inside your organisation. How to build a governance framework that turns isolated experimentation into shared capability\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.5thfloor.be\/fr\/shadow-ai-utilisation-informelle-actif-collectif\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Shadow AI: Turning Informal Use into a collective asset\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Shadow AI is already inside your organisation. 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